Topic Speaking level 2 - Lesson 8 – Amazing Ocean Animals

<p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>1. What Is the Ocean?</strong></p><ul><li>An ocean is a huge body of saltwater.</li><li>Almost three quarters of the Earth is covered in ocean.</li><li>The ocean contains about 98% of all the water on Earth.</li><li>From space, the blue part of Earth is mostly ocean.</li><li>All oceans are connected.</li><li>Almost 80% of Earth’s oceans haven’t been explored yet!</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>2. Where Are the Oceans?</strong><br>There is one “world ocean,” divided into five:</p><ul><li>Pacific Ocean</li><li>Atlantic Ocean</li><li>Indian Ocean</li><li>Arctic Ocean</li><li>Southern Ocean</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>3. Ocean Life</strong></p><ul><li>More than 200,000 species of plants and animals live in the oceans.</li><li>Scientists believe many more are undiscovered.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><h3>4. Animals in the Ocean</h3><p><strong>Octopus</strong></p><ul><li>Carnivores, found in all oceans.</li><li>Excellent at camouflage: can change colour and skin texture.</li><li>Squirt ink to escape predators.</li><li>Very intelligent: can solve puzzles.</li><li>Largest: Giant Pacific Octopus (over 9m wide).<br>Each arm has its own “mini brain”!</li><li>&nbsp;</li><li><strong>5. Sea Turtle</strong></li><li>Reptiles, seven species, found worldwide in tropical/subtropical waters.</li><li>Lived since dinosaur times.</li><li>Can be carnivores, omnivores, or herbivores.</li><li>Can rest underwater for 5 hours.</li><li>Protected by a hard shell (part of skeleton).<br>&nbsp;Oldest recorded: 188 years old!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>6. Jellyfish</strong></p><ul><li>Found in all oceans, existed 600 million years.</li><li>Can be clear, brown, yellow, pink, purple, or blue.</li><li>No brain, heart, bones, or eyes.</li><li>Tentacles sting prey (sometimes deadly).<br>&nbsp;Some can glow in the dark!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>7. Crab</strong></p><ul><li>Found in most sea environments.</li><li>Have 10 legs; front two are claws.</li><li>Molt shells as they grow.</li><li>Lay up to 100,000 eggs at once.<br>&nbsp;Spider crabs can measure 4m across!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>8. Manta Ray</strong></p><ul><li>Very large fish, up to 9m across, weight of 2 cars.</li><li>Gentle, curious, playful with bubbles.</li><li>Swim in groups of hundreds, leap out of water to communicate.</li><li>&nbsp;Mouth can open 2.5m wide!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>9. Sea Urchin</strong></p><ul><li>Animals without brains or eyes.</li><li>Covered in spines for protection.</li><li>Move with tube feet.</li><li>Scavengers, eat algae, seaweed, dead animals.<br>Sea urchins are symmetrical!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>10. Dolphin</strong></p><ul><li>Mammals, breathe through blowhole.</li><li>Social and intelligent, care for young together.</li><li>Communicate with squeaks, whistles, clicks.</li><li>Give each other names (unique whistles).<br>&nbsp;Killer whales are dolphins, not whales!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>11. Pufferfish</strong></p><ul><li>Inflate bodies into a ball to scare predators.</li><li>Some have sharp spines.</li><li>Contain poison dangerous to humans.<br>&nbsp;One pufferfish has enough poison to kill 30 humans!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>12. Seahorse</strong></p><ul><li>Fish, live in shallow tropical/temperate waters.</li><li>Use tails to grasp plants.</li><li>Camouflage, spiky body.</li><li>Suck prey whole.<br>&nbsp;Slowest swimmers in the world!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>13. Starfish (Sea Star)</strong></p><ul><li>Not actually fish.</li><li>Usually 5 arms, some up to 50.</li><li>Arms have suckers for movement.</li><li>Can regenerate arms.<br>No brain, no blood!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>14. Shark</strong></p><ul><li>Fish, 500+ species.</li><li>Apex predators, no natural predators.</li><li>Several rows of teeth, can replace thousands.</li><li>Existed for 400 million years.</li><li>Great whites can smell seals 2 miles away.<br>&nbsp;One great white has 300 teeth in 7 rows!</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>15. Coral</strong></p><ul><li>Made of polyps.</li><li>Need sunlight and warm water.</li><li>Reefs formed millions of years ago.</li><li>Coral reefs provide food and shelter for many creatures.</li><li>Great Barrier Reef is the largest, visible from space.</li><li>&nbsp;</li></ul><p><strong>16. Whale</strong></p><ul><li>Mammals, breathe air.</li><li>About 90 species.</li><li>Blue whale is the largest animal ever, eats tiny krill.</li><li>Can eat up to 40 million krill a day.</li><li>Communicate by singing.<br>A blue whale can weigh as much as 2600 people!</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><p><strong>17. Protecting Ocean Animals</strong></p><ul><li>Threats: overfishing, plastic pollution, climate change.</li><li>Scientists and groups work to protect endangered species.</li><li>Efforts to reduce and remove plastic from oceans.<br>&nbsp;With human help, oceans and animals can be protected for the future.</li></ul><p><strong>BTVN</strong><br>- Con ôn tập nội dung bài học bằng cách thực hành trả lời các câu hỏi đã học<br>- Con quay video thực hành nói về chủ đề “ &nbsp;Amazing Ocean Animals “</p>